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Sushi Glossary
If your not sure how
to pronounce the sushi items of your choice, use our Japanese Pronunciation
Resource to guide you.
Sushi a la carte
| aji |
horse
mackerel |
| akagai |
ark
shell |
| ama-ebi |
raw
shrimp |
| anago |
conger
eel |
| aoyagi |
round
clam |
| awabi |
abalone |
| ayu |
sweetfish |
| buri |
adult
yellowtail |
| chUtoro |
marbled
tuna belly |
| ebi |
boiled
shrimp |
| hamachi |
young
yellowtail |
| hamaguri |
clam |
| hamo |
pike conger; sea eel |
| hatahata |
sandfish |
| hikari-mono |
various kinds of "shiny" fish, such as mackerel |
| himo |
"fringe"
around an ark shell |
| hirame |
flounder |
| hokkigai |
surf
clam |
| hotategai |
scallop |
| ika |
squid |
| ikura |
salmon
roe |
| inada |
very
young yellowtail |
| kaibashira |
eye
of scallop or shellfish valve muscles |
| kaiware |
daikon-radish
sprouts |
| kajiki |
swordfish |
| kani |
crab |
| kanpachi |
very young yellowtail |
| karei |
flatfish |
| katsuo |
bonito |
| kazunoko |
herring
roe |
| kohada |
gizzard
shad |
| kuruma-ebi
|
prawn |
| maguro |
tuna |
| makajiki |
blue
marlin |
| masu |
trout |
| meji
(maguro) |
young
tuna |
| mekajiki |
swordfish |
| mirugai |
surf
clam |
| negi-toro |
tuna
belly and chopped green onion |
| ni-ika |
squid
simmered in a soy-flavored stock |
| nori-tama |
sweetened
egg wrapped in dried seaweed |
| Otoro |
fatty portion of tuna belly |
| saba |
mackerel |
| sake |
salmon |
| sawara |
Spanish
mackerel |
| sayori |
(springtime)
halfbeak |
| seigo |
young
sea bass |
| shako |
mantis
shrimp |
| shima-aji |
another
variety of aji |
| shime-saba |
mackerel
(marinated) |
| shiromi |
seasonal
"white meat" fish |
| suzuki |
sea
bass |
| tai |
sea
bream |
| tairagai |
razor-shell
clam |
| tako |
octopus |
| tamago |
sweet
egg custard wrapped in dried seaweed |
| torigai |
cockle |
| toro |
choice
tuna belly |
| tsubugai |
Japanese
"tsubugai" shellfish |
| uni |
sea
urchin roe |
Maki-zushi (sushi
rolls)
| maki-mono |
vinegared
rice and fish (or other ingredients) rolled in nori seaweed |
| tekka-maki |
tuna-filled rolls |
| kappa-maki |
cucumber-filled
rolls |
| tekkappa-maki |
selection
of both tuna and cucumber rolls |
| oshinko-maki |
pickled-daikon
(radish) rolls |
| kaiware-maki |
daikon-sprout
roll |
| umejiso-maki |
Japanese
ume plum and perilla-leaf roll |
| negitoro-maki |
scallion-and-tuna
roll |
| chUtoro-maki |
marbled-tuna
roll |
| Otoro-maki |
fatty-tuna roll |
| kanpyo-maki |
pickled-gourd
rolls |
| futo-maki |
a
fat roll filled with rice, sweetened cooked egg, pickled gourd, and
bits of vegetables |
| nori-maki |
same
as kanpyo-maki; in Osaka, same as futo-maki |
| natto-maki |
sticky,
strong-tasting fermented-soybean rolls |
| ana-kyU-maki |
conger
eel-and-cucumber rolls |
| temaki |
hand-rolled
cones made from dried seaweed |
| maguro-temaki |
tuna
temaki |
Other sushi terms
| nigiri(-zushi) |
pieces
of raw fish over vinegared rice balls |
| Edomae-zushi |
same
as nigiri-zushi |
| chirashi(-zushi) |
assorted
raw fish and vegetables over rice |
| tekka-don |
pieces
of raw tuna over rice |
| sashimi |
raw
fish (without rice) |
| chakin-zushi |
vinegared
rice wrapped in a thin egg crepe |
| inari-zushi |
vinegared
rice and vegetables wrapped in a bag of fried tofu |
| oshi-zushi |
Osaka-style
sushi: squares of pressed rice topped with vinegared/cooked fish |
| battera(-zushi) |
oshi-zushi
topped with mackerel |
| -tataki |
pounded,
almost raw fish |
| odori-ebi |
live
("dancing") shrimp |
| oshinko |
Japanese
pickles |
| neta |
sushi
topping |
| wasabi |
Japanese
horseradish |
| gari |
vinegared
ginger |
| shOyu |
soy sauce |
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Japanese Pronunciation
Resource
Vowels
The pronunciation of short vowels is similar to that of Italian:
a as in f(a)ther
e as in g(e)t
i as in macaron(i)
o as in p(o)lo
u as in p(u)t or b(ook)
Long Vowels
(represented here by upper-case letters) should be pronounced twice as
long as short vowels:
A as in dr(a)ma or (ah)
E as in M(ay)
I as in kn(ee)
O as in (ow)n
U as in c(oo)l
Consonants
ts(u) This is pronounced as in the phrase, "It's oolong tea"
["I(t's oo)long tea"]
A double consonant
(e.g. _hokke_ , or mackerel, or _matcha_, or powdered green
tea) is indicated by a syllable-length pause in speech before pronouncing
the following consonant (as in the English phrase "It's hot today,"
in which the final T in "hot" is partially replaced by a short
pause).
A consonant followed
by a "y" and then by a vowel (as in _gyUniku_, or beef)
is pronounced as one syllable. (In this case the _yU_ is pronounced as
in the English word "(u)se.")
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